Alesse - instructions, indications, composition, side effects

• Active Ingredients: Each tablet contains a combination of synthetic estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) and progestin (levonorgestrel), with varying doses depending on the formulation.

• Oral Tablets: Available in packs containing 21 or 28 tablets, each marked with specific days of the week or in a continuous regimen. Each tablet may contain different doses of estrogen and progestin.

Alesse belongs to the pharmacological group of combined oral contraceptives, classified as hormonal contraceptives (ATC code: G03A A).

• Pharmacodynamics: Alesse prevents pregnancy primarily by inhibiting ovulation, thickening cervical mucus to impede sperm penetration, and altering the endometrium to deter implantation. Its contraceptive efficacy stems from the synergistic effects of estrogen and progestin.
• Pharmacokinetics: After oral administration, Alesse is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations reached within 1-2 hours. Both estrogen and progestin are extensively metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily in urine and feces.

Alesse is indicated for the prevention of pregnancy in women of reproductive age. It may also be prescribed for menstrual cycle regulation, treatment of dysmenorrhea, and management of hormonal imbalances.

• Alesse is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to any components of the medication, as well as those with a history of thromboembolic disorders, liver disease, estrogen-dependent tumors, undiagnosed vaginal bleeding, or current pregnancy.
• It should not be used by smokers over the age of 35, individuals with a history of migraines with aura, or those with uncontrolled hypertension.

• Alesse may interact with certain medications, including anticonvulsants, antibiotics, HIV protease inhibitors, and herbal supplements, potentially reducing contraceptive efficacy and increasing the risk of breakthrough bleeding.

• Alesse should be taken orally once daily, at the same time each day, with or without food. The 21-day regimen involves taking one active tablet daily for 21 consecutive days, followed by a 7-day hormone-free interval.
• The 28-day regimen comprises 21 active tablets followed by 7 inert tablets to maintain a daily dosing schedule and minimize the risk of missed doses.
• Women switching from another contraceptive method or starting Alesse postpartum should follow specific guidelines provided by their healthcare provider.

• Alesse is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to potential risks to the fetus and infant. Women should use alternative contraceptive methods while nursing.

• Alesse does not impair cognitive or motor functions; however, users should exercise caution when driving or operating machinery.

• Dosage varies depending on the formulation and individual patient characteristics. Healthcare providers will prescribe the appropriate dosage regimen based on the patient’s medical history, contraceptive needs, and risk factors.

• In the event of an overdose, symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, vaginal bleeding, and other hormonal side effects. Management is supportive, and medical attention should be sought if overdose symptoms occur.

• Common side effects of Alesse may include nausea, breast tenderness, headaches, breakthrough bleeding, and mood changes. Serious side effects such as blood clots, stroke, or heart attack are rare but require immediate medical attention.

• Alesse should be stored at room temperature (15-30°C) in a dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Keep out of reach of children. Check the expiration date on the packaging and discard any expired or unused medication.

These extended instructions provide comprehensive information on the composition, pharmacological properties, indications, contraindications, interactions, administration, side effects, storage, and usage of Alesse, aiding healthcare professionals and patients in safe and effective contraceptive use. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized medical advice.