Desyrel - Comprehensive Usage Guide: instructions, indications, composition, side effects

• Active Ingredient: Trazodone hydrochloride
• Excipients: May include microcrystalline cellulose, calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, and other inactive ingredients depending on the formulation.

• Tablets: Available in various strengths, including 50 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, and 300 mg tablets.

Desyrel belongs to the pharmacological group of serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) (ATC code: N06AX05).

• Pharmacodynamics: Trazodone acts primarily as a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor, enhancing serotonin neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS). It also has antagonistic effects on alpha1-adrenergic receptors and histamine H1 receptors.
• Pharmacokinetics: Trazodone is rapidly and extensively absorbed after oral administration, with peak plasma concentrations reached within 1 to 2 hours. It undergoes hepatic metabolism via the cytochrome P450 enzyme system (CYP3A4) and is primarily excreted in the urine.

Desyrel is indicated for the treatment of:

• Major depressive disorder (MDD)
• Anxiety disorders
• Insomnia (off-label use)

Desyrel is contraindicated in individuals with:

• Hypersensitivity to trazodone or any component of the formulation
• Concomitant use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing MAOI therapy
• Prolonged QT interval or history of cardiac arrhythmias
• Concomitant use of other drugs that prolong the QT interval

Trazodone may interact with other medications, including:

• MAOIs, SSRIs, SNRIs, and other serotonergic drugs, increasing the risk of serotonin syndrome
• CNS depressants, alcohol, and drugs that impair cognitive or motor function, potentiating sedation and impairment
• CYP3A4 inhibitors and inducers, potentially altering trazodone metabolism and efficacy

• Desyrel tablets should be taken orally once daily, preferably at bedtime, with or without food.
• The initial dosage for depression is typically 150 mg/day, gradually titrated based on patient response and tolerability, with a maximum dose of 400 mg/day.
• For insomnia, lower doses (25-150 mg) may be used, with adjustments based on individual response.

• Desyrel should be used with caution during pregnancy, especially during the third trimester, and only if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks to the fetus.
• Trazodone is excreted in breast milk, and breastfeeding is not recommended during Desyrel treatment due to the potential risk to the infant.

• Dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients with hepatic impairment or renal impairment to prevent drug accumulation and minimize the risk of adverse effects.
• Elderly patients may require lower initial doses and slower titration due to age-related changes in drug metabolism.

In case of overdose, supportive measures should be initiated, and medical attention should be sought immediately. Symptoms of trazodone overdose may include drowsiness, vomiting, priapism, and cardiac arrhythmias.

Common side effects of Desyrel may include:

• Sedation
• Dizziness
• Dry mouth
• Constipation
• Blurred vision
• Headache

Desyrel tablets should be stored at controlled room temperature (20-25°C) in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. The expiration date should be checked before use.

These comprehensive instructions provide essential information on the composition, pharmacological properties, indications, contraindications, interactions, administration, side effects, and storage of Desyrel, aiding healthcare professionals and patients in safe and effective medication use. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized medical advice.