Toradol - Comprehensive Usage Guide: instructions, indications, composition, side effects
Composition
- Active Ingredient: Ketorolac tromethamine
- Excipients: May include lactose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, and other inactive ingredients depending on the formulation.
Official Forms
- Tablets: Available in various strengths, including 10 mg and 20 mg tablets.
- Injection Solution: Available in single-dose vials containing 30 mg/mL or 60 mg/mL of ketorolac tromethamine.
Pharmacological Group
- Toradol belongs to the pharmacological group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), specifically the pyrrolo-pyrrole derivatives (ATC code: M01AB15).
Pharmacological Properties
- Pharmacodynamics: Ketorolac tromethamine exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins through nonselective inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes.
- Pharmacokinetics: Following oral administration, ketorolac tromethamine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, reaching peak plasma concentrations within 1-2 hours. It undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism and renal excretion.
Indications
- Toradol is indicated for the short-term management of moderate to severe pain, such as postoperative pain, musculoskeletal pain, and renal colic.
- It is also used as an analgesic component in multimodal pain management regimens.
Contraindications
- Toradol is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to ketorolac or other NSAIDs, as well as those with a history of asthma, urticaria, or allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs.
- It should not be used in patients with active peptic ulcer disease, gastrointestinal bleeding, severe renal impairment, or a history of cerebrovascular bleeding.
Interactions
- Toradol may interact with other NSAIDs, anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), potentially increasing the risk of bleeding or gastrointestinal ulceration.
- Caution is advised when co-administering Toradol with other drugs that affect renal function or potassium levels, such as diuretics or ACE inhibitors.
Specifics of Use
- Toradol tablets should be taken orally with a full glass of water, preferably with or after food, to minimize gastrointestinal irritation.
- The injection solution is administered intravenously or intramuscularly by a healthcare professional and should not be administered for more than 5 days.
- Dosage adjustments may be necessary in elderly patients, patients with renal impairment, or those weighing less than 50 kg.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
- Toradol is contraindicated in the third trimester of pregnancy due to the potential risk of premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus.
- It is not recommended for use during breastfeeding, as it may be excreted in breast milk and cause adverse effects in the infant.
Dosage and Administration
- The dosage of Toradol varies depending on the severity of pain, patient age, and renal function.
- Healthcare providers will determine the appropriate starting dose and duration of treatment based on clinical judgment and guidelines.
- It is essential to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary to control pain.
Overdose
- In the event of overdose, supportive measures should be initiated as needed. Symptoms of overdose may include gastrointestinal irritation, renal impairment, and central nervous system effects.
- There is no specific antidote for ketorolac overdose, and treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
Side Effects
- Common side effects of Toradol may include gastrointestinal upset, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, and headache.
- Serious adverse effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding, renal impairment, hypersensitivity reactions, and cardiovascular events are rare but require immediate medical attention if they occur.
Storage and Shelf Life
- Store Toradol tablets at room temperature (15-30°C) in a dry place, protected from light and moisture.
- Injection solution vials should be stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions, typically at controlled room temperature or refrigerated.
Consultation
- Always consult a healthcare professional before starting or discontinuing any medication, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking other medications. Follow their instructions carefully for safe and effective treatment with Toradol.
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