Lioresal - Comprehensive Usage Guide: instructions, indications, composition, side effects

• Active Ingredient: Baclofen
• Excipients: May include microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, colloidal silicon dioxide, and other inactive ingredients depending on the formulation.

• Tablets: Available in various strengths, including 10 mg and 20 mg tablets.
• Injectable Solution: Available for intrathecal administration.

Lioresal belongs to the pharmacological group of skeletal muscle relaxants (ATC code: M03BX01).

• Pharmacodynamics: Baclofen acts as a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant and antispasmodic agent by inhibiting both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes at the spinal level, resulting in reduced muscle spasticity and increased range of motion.
• Pharmacokinetics: Following oral administration, baclofen is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations achieved within 2 to 4 hours. It undergoes extensive metabolism in the liver and is excreted primarily in the urine.

Lioresal is indicated for the relief of muscle spasticity associated with conditions such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and cerebral palsy.

Lioresal is contraindicated in individuals with:

• Hypersensitivity to baclofen or any component of the formulation.
• History of epilepsy or seizures.
• Severe renal impairment.
• History of stroke or intracranial hemorrhage.

Baclofen may interact with other medications, including:

• Central nervous system depressants, such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, and opioids, leading to additive sedative effects.
• Antihypertensive agents, potentially enhancing their hypotensive effects.

• Lioresal tablets should be taken orally with or without food, usually three times daily, as directed by a healthcare provider.
• The dosage and duration of therapy depend on the severity of muscle spasticity and individual patient response.
• Treatment should be initiated at a low dose and titrated gradually to minimize the risk of adverse effects.

• Lioresal should be used with caution during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, and only if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• It may be excreted in breast milk, so breastfeeding is not recommended during treatment with Lioresal.

• Dosage adjustments may be necessary in patients with renal impairment to avoid drug accumulation and potential toxicity.
• Intrathecal administration of Lioresal requires specialized equipment and should be performed by healthcare professionals experienced in this technique.

In case of overdose, supportive measures should be initiated, and medical attention should be sought immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness, respiratory depression, hypotension, and coma.

Common side effects of Lioresal may include:

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Nausea

Lioresal tablets should be stored at controlled room temperature (20-25°C) in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. The expiration date should be checked before use.

These comprehensive instructions provide essential information on the composition, pharmacological properties, indications, contraindications, interactions, administration, side effects, and storage of Lioresal, aiding healthcare professionals and patients in safe and effective medication use. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized medical advice.