Stromectol - Comprehensive Usage Guide: instructions, indications, composition, side effects
Composition
- Active Ingredient: Ivermectin
- Excipients: May include lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch, magnesium stearate, and other inactive ingredients depending on the formulation.
Official Forms
- Tablets: Available in various strengths, typically in 3 mg tablets.
Pharmacological Group
Stromectol belongs to the pharmacological group of antiparasitic agents, specifically avermectins (ATC code: P02C C04).
Pharmacological Properties
- Pharmacodynamics: Ivermectin exerts its antiparasitic effect by binding to glutamate-gated chloride channels in nerve and muscle cells of parasites, leading to paralysis and death. It is active against a wide range of parasites, including roundworms, threadworms, and certain ectoparasites.
- Pharmacokinetics: Following oral administration, ivermectin is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is distributed widely in various body tissues and fluids, achieving therapeutic concentrations in the skin and gastrointestinal tract. Ivermectin is primarily metabolized in the liver and excreted in the feces.
Indications
Stromectol is indicated for the treatment of various parasitic infections caused by susceptible pathogens, including:
- Onchocerciasis (river blindness)
- Strongyloidiasis (threadworm infection)
- Scabies
- Pediculosis (head lice and pubic lice)
Contraindications
Stromectol is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to ivermectin or any component of the formulation. It should not be used in patients with a history of severe allergic reactions to avermectins.
Interactions
Stromectol may interact with various medications, including anti-seizure drugs, benzodiazepines, and anticoagulants, potentially altering their efficacy or increasing the risk of adverse effects. Caution is advised when co-administering Stromectol with such drugs.
Specifics of Use
Stromectol tablets should be taken orally with a full glass of water, on an empty stomach, and at least one hour before or two hours after a meal. It is essential to follow the prescribed dosage and duration of therapy to ensure effective treatment.
Dosage and Administration
The recommended dosage of Stromectol varies depending on the type of parasitic infection and patient characteristics such as age and weight. Healthcare providers will determine the appropriate dose and treatment regimen based on clinical judgment and guidelines.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Stromectol may include gastrointestinal disturbances (e.g., nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain), dizziness, headache, and rash. Serious adverse effects such as neurotoxicity and hypersensitivity reactions are rare but require medical attention if they occur.
Storage and Shelf Life
Stromectol tablets should be stored at room temperature (20-25°C) in a dry place, protected from light and moisture. They should be kept out of reach of children and pets.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Stromectol should be used with caution in pregnant or breastfeeding women, as safety data in these populations are limited. The potential benefits of treatment should be weighed against the potential risks to the fetus or infant.
Impact on Motor Functions
Stromectol does not typically impair cognitive or motor functions. However, patients should be cautious when driving or operating machinery, especially if they experience dizziness or other central nervous system side effects.
Overdose
In the event of overdose, supportive measures should be initiated as needed. There is no specific antidote for ivermectin overdose, and treatment is primarily supportive.
Conclusion
Stromectol is an essential medication for the treatment of parasitic infections, offering effective relief for a wide range of conditions. By understanding its mechanisms of action, indications, dosage, and precautions, patients and healthcare providers can work together to achieve optimal treatment outcomes. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized medical advice.